[Comorbidity/polymorbidity - problems of terminology and application of index indicators (review).]

The review presents a literature analysis on controversial issues of the use of the terms polymorbidity, multimorbidity, comorbidity. Increasing publication activity on the topic of comorbidity/multimorbidity is noted. The main discussion is conducted in several areas: what term should be used - comorbidity, multimorbidity or polymorbidity; use or not use index indicators of comorbidity; if used, specifically for what purpose; what is the effectiveness of these indicators. It is concluded, that many issues have not yet been resolved and further research is needed on this issue. It is time to define terminology and specify WHERE and WHEN comorbidity/polymorbidity indexes are needed.

[Integrated geriatric assessment - resolved and unresolved issues (review).]

The review presents an analysis of the literature on the controversial issues of the use of Comprehensive Geriatric Assessment. For all its obvious significance and expediency, the questions remain WHO, WHERE and WHEN conducts it? Should it initially be one-step or step-by-step? What are the intermediate and end points of the study? Which tool for its screening is the least time-consuming and long-lasting? It is concluded that many issues have not yet been resolved and further research is needed on this issue.

[Falls in the elderly and senior age prevention perspectives.]

The high prevalence of reported falls among elderly people whom medical care was required indicates ineffective work provided to prevent them. The purpose of this systematic review was to describe the status of the postural balance in an elderly person issue and to identify preventive interventions aimed at reducing the number of the falls in the elderly, whose effectiveness has been proven empirically. The sample included 32 studies conducted over the period from 2012 to 2018 with the participation of persons aged 55 years and older, apart from the studies involving persons with diabetes mellitus or other chronic diseases. The main areas of the study for the prevention of the falls in the elderly are the assessment of the regular physical activity role (FA), common exercises and their impact on the biological age and age-related involution of human functionality, factors that prevent FA, and motivation for FA. The studies being conducted do not take into account conditionally established groups of patients: patients with the chronic diseases, patients relatively healthy and patients with personal anxiety. The most promising studies in terms of the falls prevention in the elderly people today are the walking parameters in elderly people study, which makes it possible to predict the degree of deterioration of their mobility and the falls risk, as well as setting up the schools of psychological support in terms of social services.